What is the kind of smoke detector that uses a pump to draw air samples into a high-humidity chamber?

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This kind of detector is an air-sampling type that uses a pump to pull air from the protected area into a humidified sensing chamber. In the cloud chamber configuration, the chamber is kept at high humidity, so smoke particles act as condensation nuclei and a visible cloud forms around them. The pump provides a continuous air sample, allowing the detector to sense smoke at very low concentrations by visualizing this cloud inside the chamber.

The other options don’t fit this mechanism. A pipe-system air sampling detector also draws air to a central detector but isn’t defined by a high-humidity cloud chamber. A fixed temperature detector responds to heat, not smoke. A rate-compensation chamber detector is a different design related to adjusting sensitivity rather than using a humid cloud chamber to visualize particles.